Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a condition that occurs due to increased pressure on the median nerve in the wrist. In fact, it is a pinched nerve in the wrist. Symptoms can include numbness, tingling, and pain in the arm, hand, and fingers.
There is an area in the wrist called the carpal tunnel through which the median nerve and nine tendons from the forearm reach the hand. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome occurs when pressure builds up in this tunnel due to inflammation, compressing the nerve. If this inflammatory pressure becomes high enough to impair nerve function, it can cause numbness, tingling, and pain in the hand and fingers.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome generally include pain, numbness, tingling, or a combination of all three. Numbness or tingling is more common in the thumb, index, middle, and ring fingers. Symptoms are typically felt at night, but can also occur during daily activities such as driving or reading a newspaper. Sometimes, patients notice a weaker grip, occasional discomfort, and a tendency to drop things. In severe cases, sensation may be permanently lost and the muscles at the base of the thumb may gradually shrink (thenar atrophy), leading to difficulties with pinching.
What causes it?
The causes of this syndrome are many and depend on the type and level of activity our hands are subjected to. Repetitive movements of the hand can be a key factor in developing carpal tunnel syndrome: playing an instrument, using a computer mouse, sports involving continuous hand use, the use of vibrating tools, and traumatic or muscular injuries. All of these can lead to inflammation in the tissues passing through the carpal tunnel or directly cause inflammation of the median nerve, creating "pinches" on the nerve and causing pain, which will depend on the amount of pressure the nerve is under.
A birth problem?
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome can also be caused by repeatedly performing the same hand and wrist movements. The use of vibrating hand tools can also lead to this syndrome. Studies have not shown that Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is caused by typing on a computer, using a mouse, or repetitive movements during work, playing a musical instrument, or practicing sports. However, these activities can cause pain and swelling in the tendons or bags in the hand, which can narrow the carpal tunnel and cause symptoms. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome almost always occurs in people aged 30 to 60 years and is more common in women than in men.
Other factors that can lead to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome include:
- Alcoholism
- Wrist bone fractures and arthritis
- Cysts or tumors growing in the wrist
- Infections
- Obesity
- Additional fluids accumulated in the body during pregnancy or menopause
- Rheumatoid arthritis
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