Balanitis or balanoposthitis is inflammation or infection of the glans and/or foreskin. Balanitis can affect anyone, but it is more common in uncircumcised men.
A condition that promotes the appearance of balanitis is related to people who have very tight foreskins and lack of hygiene.
Causas de la balanitis
There are several factors that predispose to its appearance, such as, as mentioned earlier, tight foreskin or inadequate cleaning of the area. Diabetes, especially when sugar levels are not well controlled, is a significant factor. The reason lies in the sugar in the urine, which increases the likelihood of a fungal infection and bacterial infections when in contact with the glans and foreskin.
In cases where balanitis becomes a recurrent problem, a fungal infection due to sexual intercourse should be considered. Fungal infections like Candida albicans are the most common cause. Another possible cause is skin irritation caused by, among other things, soaps or spermicides. Other skin conditions, such as psoriasis, are also possible causes. And in some rare cases, some types of skin cancer can cause it.
Symptoms of balanitis
The most common symptoms of balanitis are irritation and inflammation of the glans, with noticeable rashes and redness. Sometimes, it does not affect the entire glans but shows a red, wet lesion that causes pain, with vague edges where maceration and purulence may occur. The inflammation can affect the foreskin or even the penis. Another sign is pain in the foreskin and penis, as well as discharge with an unpleasant odor.
Treatment of balanitis
The treatment depends on the cause of the balanitis. If it is caused by fungi, an antimycotic cream is recommended. In case of bacterial infection, an antimycotic cream should be used, possibly combined with oral antibiotics. If the skin is inflamed, it is recommended to keep the area clean and dry and avoid using soap or lotion that could worsen the situation.
TypesBalanitis candidiasis
The most common cause of balanitis is the Candida albicans fungus. The most obvious symptoms are redness of the glans and, in more severe cases, the foreskin.
Balanitis xerotica
This is not very common. The cause is unknown, although some studies suggest it may be an autoimmune disease. The human papillomavirus, spirochetes, or mycobacteria have also been associated with balanitis xerotica. In any case, none of the studies are conclusive. Balanitis xerotica affects the glans, foreskin, and urethral meatus.
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